- Madame Bovary, novel by Gustave Flaubert, serialized in the Revue de Paris in 1856 and then published in two volumes the following year. - Flaubert transformed a commonplace story of adultery into an enduring work of profound humanity. - Madame Bovary is considered Flaubert’s masterpiece, and, according to some, it ushered in a new age of realism in literature. - Madame Bovary tells the bleak story of a marriage that ends in tragedy.