Transform it into a simple sentence:
After he had finished the work, he went to bed.

• Correct Answer: খ) Having finished the work, he went to bed.

• After he had finished the work, he went to bed.
- মূল বাক্যটি একটি complex sentence, কারণ এতে "After he had finished..." একটি সময়সূচক subordinate clause রয়েছে।
- এবং একটি independent clause ' he went to bed.' আছে।

- Simple sentence এ একটি main বা independent clause থাকে।
- এবং main clause কে সাহায্যকারী বা phrase থাকে।
- অথবা একটি sentence থাকে।
- এটিকে simple sentence এ রূপান্তর করতে গেলে ব্যবহার করতে হয় participle phrase.
→ “Having finished the work” = কাজ শেষ করে সে শুয়ে পড়ল।
- 'he went to bed.' অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে।
- Simple Sentence: Having finished the work, he went to bed.

• Other options:
ক) He finished the work and went to bed. → This is a compound sentence (two main clauses with “and”).

গ) As he finished the work, he went to bed. → This is a complex sentence (with "as").

ঘ) He was tired after the work. → This changes the meaning and is not equivalent to the original.

Source: A Passage to the English Language, S.M. Zakir Hussain.