The passive form of the sentence, “Who broke the window?” is -

Correct answer: গ) By whom was the window broken?

• Active and Passive Voice:
- Active sentence-এ “Who” দ্বারা কাজটি কে করেছে তা জিজ্ঞাসা করা হয়েছে।
- “Who” দিয়ে শুরু হওয়া active voice-কে passive voice করলে সাধারণত শুরুতে By whom বসে।
- তারপর tense অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb বসে।

Active sentence: Who broke the window?
- এখানে verb “broke” Past Indefinite Tense-এ আছে।
- Past Indefinite Tense-এর passive structure: By whom + was/were + object + V3?
- “the window” singular হওয়ায় auxiliary verb হবে was.
- “broke” verb-এর past participle হলো broken.

Passive voice: By whom was the window broken?

Other Options:
ক) By whom the window was broken?
- Question form-এ auxiliary verb subject-এর আগে বসে।

খ) Whom the window was broken by?
- standard structure অনুযায়ী “By whom” শুরুতে বসানো উত্তম।

ঘ) Who was the window broken?
- “by” preposition নেই এবং “Who” ব্যবহারে passive structure ভুল হয়েছে।

Source:
Advanced Learner's HSC Communicative English Grammar & Composition by Chowdhury & Hossain.
A Passage to the English Language by S.M. Zakir Hussain.
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