The falling leaves covered the ground. Here 'falling' is an example of -

• The falling leaves covered the ground.
- Here 'falling' is an example of - a participle.

• Participle
- যে word, Verb থেকে গঠিত হয়ে Adjective (মাঝে মধ্যে Adverb) এর কাজ করে, তাকে Participle বলে।
- A participle is a verb that ends in -ing (present participle) or -ed, -d, -t, -en, -n (past participle).
- Participles may function as adjectives, describing or modifying nouns.
- Participle একই সাথে Verb ও Adjective এর কাজ করে। এজন্য তাকে Double part of speech ও বলা হয়।

• Participle মূলত তিন প্রকার:
1. Present Participle.
- Ex: Do not disturb a sleeping dog.
2. Past Participle.
- Ex: This is a book written by Charles Dickens.
3. Perfect Participle.
- Ex: Having eaten rice, he went to bed.

• The falling leaves covered the ground.
- এই বাক্যে 'falling' হচ্ছে present participle, কারণ এখানে 'falling'- noun 'leaves' -কে modify করছে;
- অর্থাৎ এর অবস্থা বর্ণনা করছে তাই এটি participle.

Source:
1. A passage to the English Language by S M Zakir Hussain.
2. Advanced Learner's Communicative English Grammar and Composition by Chowdhury and Hossain.