'The ancient doctrine of art and literature' is known as -

• The ancient doctrine of art and literature is known as - Classicism.
- এটি pre- Christian যুগে গ্রীক এবং রোমে বিকশিত হয়েছিল।
- Classicism হচ্ছে Romanticism এর বিপরীত।

• Classicism এর কিছু বৈশিষ্ট্য রয়েছে - 
- Restraint or control over imagination
- Predominance of reason over emotion
- Objectivity
- Moral lesson
- Universal subjects rather than temporal or local subjects
- Lofty language

• অন্যদিকে, প্রশ্নে উল্লেখিত অপশনগুলোর মধ্যে - 
•  Modernism, in literature, in the late 19th to mid-20th century, a break with the past and the concurrent search for new forms of expression.

• Romanticism, an attitude or intellectual orientation that characterized many works of literature, painting, music, architecture, criticism, and historiography in Western civilization over a period from the late 18th to the mid-19th century.

• Postmodernism, in, a late 20th-century movement characterized by broad skepticism, subjectivism, or relativism; a general suspicion of reason; and an acute sensitivity to the role of ideology in asserting and maintaining political and economic power and  is a style of writing that came to prominence after World War II.

Source: An ABC of English Literature by Dr M Mofizar Rahman and Britannica.