Raju and Saju were carrying some money such that their money was in the ratio 3 : 8. A friend gives each of them Tk. 5 and their money is now in the ratio 2 : 5. Which is the smaller money of the two?

The ratio of original money numbers = 3:8
Common factor helps in finding actual values easily
So, take 'M' as a common factor.
∴ Original numbers will be 3M and 8M
Adding 5 to them, we get (3M + 5) and (8M+5)
∴ (3M + 5)/(8M + 5) = 2/5 ............ (Ratio of new numbers is 2:5)
∴ 15M + 25 = 16M + 10
∴ M = 15
Smaller money value is 3M = 3 x 15 = 45.