I gave him a pen. ( Make it passive)

<h1>Understanding Passive Voice in English Grammar</h1>

The given question asks you to transform the sentence "I gave him a pen" into its passive form. The multiple-choice question (MCQ) presented is as follows:

<blockquote>

I gave him a pen. (Make it passive)

</blockquote>

The options are:

• Transitive verb

• Finite verb

• Non-finite verb

• Causative verb

<h2>Correct Answer: Non-finite Verb</h2>

Let's delve into the reasoning behind why the correct answer is "Non-finite verb."

<h3>Active vs. Passive Voice</h3>

Before we discuss non-finite verbs, it is important to understand the concept of active and passive voice:

• Active voice - The subject of the sentence performs the action expressed by the verb.

• Passive voice - The subject of the sentence is acted upon by the verb.

In the active sentence "I gave him a pen," "I" is the subject, "gave" is the verb, and "him" and "a pen" are the objects.

In passive voice, the focus is on the action and the object of the active sentence becomes the subject. The passive form of the given sentence could be:

<blockquote>

"A pen was given to him (by me)."

</blockquote><h3>Understanding Non-finite Verb</h3>

A non-finite verb form does not change with the subject and is not marked by tense. Examples of non-finite verbs include infinitives ("to give"), gerunds ("giving"), and participles ("given"). In this case, the keyword to focus on is "given" (past participle form), which is a non-finite verb. This form is used to create the passive construction.

In the sentence structure "A pen was given to him," the verb "given" is in its participle form, which is necessary for forming the passive voice of the original active sentence.

<h3>Why Other Options are Incorrect</h3>

• Transitive verb: "Give" is indeed a transitive verb because it takes an object, but this does not relate directly to the conversion into the passive voice.

• Finite verb: A finite verb is one that is limited by subject and tense. In the passive construction, the verb form "given" is non-finite.

• Causative verb: Causative verbs imply that one causes another to perform an action (e.g., "make," "have," "let"). "Give" is not a causative verb in this context.

Therefore, the correct choice is "Non-finite verb" because the verb "given" used in the passive voice is in the non-finite form.