A short Japanese poem with 17 syllables is called-

Correct answer: Haiku.

• Haiku
- Haiku, an unrhymed poetic form consisting of 17 syllables arranged in three lines of 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively.
- Often focusing on images from nature, haiku emphasizes simplicity, intensity, and directness of expression.
- The haiku first emerged in Japanese literature during the 17th century, as a terse reaction to elaborate poetic traditions, though it did not become known by the name haiku until the 19th century.

Other options:
• Pun
- A play on words that are similar in sound but different in meaning is called a pun.
- It occurs when a single word conveys two meanings.
- ​অর্থাৎ Pun হচ্ছে শব্দের এক মজার ব্যবহার যেখানে একটি শব্দ দুটি ভিন্ন অর্থে ব্যহৃত হয়।
- The title of Hemingway's famous novel, Farewell to Arms has a Pun on it.
- এখানে Arms দ্বারা যুদ্ধ বা অস্ত্রের পাশাপাশি প্রেমিকার হাতকেও বোঝানো হয়েছে।

খ) Simile
- A simile is an explicit comparison between two different things.
- Usually, "as" and "like" are used in it.
- In a simile, the resemblance is explicitly indicated by the words.
- দুটি ভিন্নধর্মী জিনিসের মধ্যে As ও Like দ্বারা তুলনা বোঝালে তাকে Simile বলে

ঘ) Limerick
- A light or humorous verse form of five chiefly anapestic verses, of which lines 1, 2, and 5 are of three feet and lines 3 and 4 are of two feet with a rhyme scheme of "a a b b a".
- পাঁচ লাইনের মজার ছড়া।
- A popular form of short, funny verse that is often nonsensical and rude.

Source:
1. Britannica.
2. An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman.